Deadstock economics in fashion

Definition

Deadstock in fashion refers to finished goods that are produced but not sold at full price, often resulting in markdowns, liquidation, or disposal. From an economic perspective, deadstock is not an operational mistake but a structural outcome of long lead times, forecast-driven production, and large upfront inventory commitments.

Why deadstock exists (the real reasons)

At its core, deadstock is a forecasting and commitment problem.

  • Long production lead times force early commitments
  • Forecast error compounds over months
  • Minimum order quantities increase per-style risk
  • Trends and demand shift faster than production cycles
  • Brands optimize for unit cost, not sell-through risk

The hidden cost of deadstock

Deadstock carries costs beyond unsold units. It distorts pricing, compresses margins, and increases capital risk.

  • Markdowns reduce realized margin
  • Liquidation destroys brand equity
  • Inventory ties up working capital
  • Warehousing and handling add cost
  • Unsold goods are often written off or destroyed

Why traditional inventory metrics miss the problem

Many fashion brands evaluate inventory decisions using unit economics or landed cost, rather than probability-weighted sell-through. As a result, the downside risk of unsold inventory is underestimated at the time production commitments are made.

How agile supply chains change deadstock economics

  • Shorter production calendars reduce forecast error
  • Smaller batches lower per-style risk
  • Frequent replenishment replaces upfront commitment
  • Inventory risk shifts from brand to system design

Where Patchwork fits

Patchwork reduces deadstock by enabling pull-based production and replenishing factory-level inventory to approximately one month of demand. By shortening production timelines to a 6-week apparel calendar and shipping directly from manufacturer to consumer, Patchwork allows brands to align production more closely with real demand.

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